Understanding The Information-Seeking Behaviors And Credibility Evaluation Practices Of Graduate Researchers During Web-Based Scholarly Information Retrieval: A Phenomenological Study

Authors

  • Janepol Ballard AMA University
  • Reagan Ricafort AMA University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21617537

Keywords:

Information-Seeking Behavior, Credibility Evaluation, Web Information Retrieval, Graduate Researchers, Phenomenology

Abstract

Web-based scholarly retrieval has become the primary route through which graduate researchers build knowledge, yet the abundance, heterogeneity, and machine-mediation of today’s web make locating and trusting sources newly difficult. This study explores the lived experience of that work. Using a descriptive (Husserlian) phenomenological design, it examines how graduate researchers describe their information-seeking behaviors, how they evaluate source credibility, what meanings and tensions characterize the experience, and how generative artificial intelligence is reshaping both. Data will be generated through in-depth semi-structured interviews, a concurrent think-aloud retrieval task, and review of participant-supplied search artifacts, with a criterion-purposive sample analyzed through Colaizzi’s seven-step method. This paper presents the Introduction and Methodology and the complete research instrument. It contributes a first-person, meaning-centered account intended to inform information-literacy instruction, academic search design, and doctoral supervision in the generative-AI era.

References

[1] C. C. Kuhlthau, “Inside the search process: Information seeking from the user’s perspective,” Journal of the American Society for Information Science, vol. 42, no. 5, pp. 361–371, 1991.

[2] T. D. Wilson, “Models in information behaviour research,” Journal of Documentation, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 249–270, 1999.

[3] D. Ellis, “A behavioural approach to information retrieval system design,” Journal of Documentation, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 171–212, 1989.

[4] S. Wineburg and S. McGrew, “Lateral reading and the nature of expertise: Reading less and learning more when evaluating digital information,” Teachers College Record, vol. 121, no. 11, pp. 1–40, 2019.

[5] J. Breakstone, M. Smith, P. Connors, T. Ortega, D. Kerr and S. Wineburg, “Lateral reading: College students learn to critically evaluate internet sources in an online course,” Harvard Kennedy School (HKS) Misinformation Review, vol. 2, no. 1, 2021.

[6] M. J. Metzger and A. J. Flanagin, “Credibility and trust of information in online environments: The use of cognitive heuristics,” Journal of Pragmatics, vol. 59, pp. 210–220, 2013.

[7] C. Hahnel, B. Eichmann and F. Goldhammer, “Evaluation of online information in university students: Development and scaling of the screening instrument EVON,” Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 11, art. 562128, 2020.

[8] C. Baek, T. Tate and M. Warschauer, “‘ChatGPT seems too good to be true’: College students’ use and perceptions of generative AI,” Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, vol. 7, art. 100294, 2024.

[9] C. K. Y. Chan and W. Hu, “Students’ voices on generative AI: Perceptions, benefits, and challenges in higher education,” International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, vol. 20, no. 1, art. 43, 2023.

[10] C. Moustakas, Phenomenological Research Methods. Thousand Oaks, CA, USA: SAGE, 1994.

[11] P. F. Colaizzi, “Psychological research as the phenomenologist views it,” in Existential-Phenomenological Alternatives for Psychology, R. S. Valle and M. King, Eds. New York, NY, USA: Oxford Univ. Press, 1978, pp. 48–71.

[12] A. J. Sundler, E. Lindberg, C. Nilsson and L. Palmér, “Qualitative thematic analysis based on descriptive phenomenology,” Nursing Open, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 733–739, 2019.

[13] Y. S. Lincoln and E. G. Guba, Naturalistic Inquiry. Beverly Hills, CA, USA: SAGE, 1985.

[14] G. Sinfield, S. Goldspink and C. Wilson, “Waiting in the wings: The enactment of a descriptive phenomenology study,” International Journal of Qualitative Methods, vol. 22, pp. 1–10, 2023.

Additional Files

Published

2026-07-27

How to Cite

Ballard, J., & Reagan Ricafort. (2026). Understanding The Information-Seeking Behaviors And Credibility Evaluation Practices Of Graduate Researchers During Web-Based Scholarly Information Retrieval: A Phenomenological Study. International Journal on Management Education and Emerging Technology(IJMEET), 4(2), 43–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21617537

Issue

Section

Articles

Similar Articles

<< < 1 2 3 4 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.