The Physical Learning Environment and its Effect on Learners' Academic Performance in Cabiao, Nueva Ecija
Exploring the Relationship Between Physical Learning Environment and Learners' Academic Performance in Cabiao, Nueva Ecija
Keywords:
Polytechnic University of the Philippines Cabiao Campus, Bachelor of Elementary Education, Color, Lighting, Seating Arrangement, Acoustic, Temperature, Academic PerformanceAbstract
The academic performance of students is significantly influenced by the quality of the physical learning environment. Elements such as color, lighting, seating arrangement, temperature, and acoustics affect students’ focus, motivation, and overall learning experience. While international studies have explored these factors, local research in the Philippine context often focuses on isolated variables, leaving a gap in comprehensive understanding. This study addressed that gap by examining the relationship between multiple physical classroom environment factors and the academic performance of Grade 4 learners in selected public elementary schools in Cabiao, Nueva Ecija. A quantitative descriptive research design was employed, involving 196 Grade 4 pupils during the academic year 2024–2025. A validated survey questionnaire measured students’ perceptions of five physical environmental factors, while their academic performance was based on general average grades. Data were analyzed using weighted mean and Pearson correlation analysis. Results showed that lighting received the highest rating (mean = 4.16), while color had the lowest (mean = 3.21). Students’ academic performance was rated “Very Satisfactory” (mean = 3.81). Seating arrangement (r = -0.185, p = 0.009), acoustics (r = -0.166, p = 0.020), and temperature (r = -0.144, p = 0.044) showed significant relationships with academic performance, while color (r = -0.029, p = 0.683) and lighting (r = 0.096, p = 0.180) did not.
The results suggested that while lighting and color showed no direct impact, the seating arrangement, acoustics, and temperature significantly influenced academic performance. Schools are encouraged to prioritize improvements in these areas to support more effective learning environments.
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